Warp pile fabric



Nov. 27, 1934. R. LoR'rHlols WARP PILE FABRIC Filed July 7, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 NOV. 27, 1934. R LORTI-"Ols 1,982,171

WARP PILE FABRIC Filed July '7, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 fy. Z

Nov. 27, A1934.

R. LORTHIOIS wARP PILEl FABRIC Filed July '7, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Nov. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT #OFFICE WARP PILE FABRIC Robert Lorthiois, Tourcoing, France Application July 7, 1932, Serial No. 621,252 In France August 27, 1931 s claims. (o1. 139-406) The invention relates to the manufacture of oured threads or even of diierent coloured warp pile fabrics on velvet looms, or looms for threads. e j Aweaving with pile wires, and particularly carpets Figure 2 shows a corresponding weaving dia- 'imitating oriental carpets, both in appearance gram. In this gure the black squares indicate f5 and in texture7 and in which the warp pile the lifting of the thread (creel thread or bind- 6e threads form a design upon the backing by the ing or stuffing thread) above the weft. The appearance on this side of one or more loops squares marked with a round black point indi- .formed by the threads each time they make a cate the lifting of a pile thread above a pile wire. tuft constituting a point in the design on the Finally the blank squares indicate that the 'l'O face of the fabric. thread considered passes below the weft. 65

The object of the invention is to facilitate the Figure 3 is a similar vieW to Figure 1, showing removal of the inactive portions of the pile the carpet after the cutting of the loops passing threads, that is to say the portions which have over the pile wires and the formation of the not participated in the formation of the pattern pile tufts, the inactive portions of the pile l5 or design, while avoiding the diiiculty in finding threads being eliminated either by falling 'nat- Ze them and removing all danger of damaging the urally from the fabric or, when necessary, b face side of the fabric. Moreover it can be embrushing the reverse side of the fabric. ployed perfectly well in the manufacture of car- Figure 4 is a similar view to Figure l, showing pets containing any number of wefts, however the mode of Working according t the invention 20 closely arranged they may be, while at the same for the warp pile threads When making a single 75 time it has the advantage of Simplifying the weft carpet employing four creels, each point'on Working of the loom. It dispenses with the opthe face side corresponding t0 tWO DOntS 0n the eration of the harness board or bottom board, reverse Side. f which becomes superfluous. It considerably re- Figure 5 is a similar VieW t0 Figure 4 for the 5 duces the fatigue of the loom in view of the fact oase of Weaving a double weft Carpet employing 8c that the latter has only to put into movement a fOur Creels and having a st piek (that is t0 say small number of threads at a given moment, in no weft pick at the moment of passage of pile view of the absolute immobility of the threads Wire). 1 of the creeis which do not participate in the ior- Figure 6 shows the Weaving diagram for this mation of the design (for example in the case last manufacture.

of a carpet employing five creels, the threads of Figure 7 illustrates an improved modication of three creels out of the ve arer absolutely stathe inode Of Controlling the Warp Dile threads tionary, and for the greater part of the time the during the formation Of a fouregrills Carpet havthreads of one creel only are in movement). ing a simple Weit. This permits speeds to be obtained which have Figure 8 represents the @Orrespndng Weaving 90 hitherto been unknown in this type of manufacdiagrarnr ture, and this leads to an increase in the pro- In thesegures, L1 and L2 are the -binding ductive capacity of the velvet' looms employed. Warns, R the sturing Warp 0r Warns of the'can- These advantages are obtained by means of Vas 0f the Carpet; d are the Weft threads, u the 40 the method forming the subject of the inven- Dile Wires and i7 the pile Warns; G are the Dile 95 tion, which is characterized essentially by the tuftsfactv that, al1 the portions oi pile warp threads s The formation of single weft 'Carpets employwhich do not participate as such in the formaing ve creels will be described vin detail with tion of the design are allowed to float below the referentie t0 Figures 1, 2 and 3.V The other Weaves ground fabric of the carpet beneath the backing. represented can be deduced therefrom without 10o This method will be more clearly understood any diiiiculty.v from the following description of weaving dia- The threads 0f the Creel g1, Whieh are brought grams given by way of example of nonlimiting into the deslgn .formation by the Jacquard, pass embodiments, and illustrated in the accompanyebOVe the pile Wlre 'U1 and the Weft thread 11, and ing drawings, to which reference will be made. than below the Weft d2, 1n Order'te f orm thell beek 105 Figure 1 shows the method according to the inpeints; they then Dass OVer the Dlle Wire 222 and Vention 0f Weaving the pile Warp threads during OVeI the Weft d3 in Order to form their face pOIltS. the formation of a single weft carpet employing At this moment the threads of this creel are no five creels, that is to say requiring for its forl0nger required t0 assist in fermingthe design, i mation five creels of bobbins of the same coland they descend below theweft d4 in order to 110 remain completely`T outside the Carpet, until they are again introduced into it at the weft d20.

The threads of the Creel g2 which have to replace the above threads in order to Continue the design have been brought into action by a suitable perforation of the card, at the exact moment when the threads of the Creel g1 terminate their design point, and the threads of the Creel g2 pass above the pile wirevvz and the weft da together with the threads of the Creel g1.

The threads of the Creel g2 then form alternately their face points and back points, and pass above the pile wires v3 and v4 and below the wefts d4 and de. At this moment` their desig-n point finishes and they pass below the weft da and remain outside the Carpet below the Canvas.

The threads of the Creel cl3-'which'havetolv replace them will Carpet under the pass above the pile wire v4 at the same time as theLthreadssof-.t-he: Creel gz, and they will form the design as far as the point C.

Attthis-point' they are themselves replaced: by

thefthrieadsfofthezcreel grwhich pass at the same iss time? asthe threadsof the Creel g3 above the pile wire 12s-,and from this moment for-m the design on thefa'ce: sideV and! onthe reverse side as far as Dy. Wherethethreads-fof the Creel g5 are themselvesbroughtintoaction-to replace those of the Creel g4.etc;

-It ris seenzthat-the threads of the Creel g1 termihating; the; work at A-and only returningv into the design-at'. El after having floated below ythe icanvaswill ybersuppressedbetween Af and E. rIlhey `a'gairrlea'vfe the design at F, where they` disappear fomlthe: carpet inqorder tofioat below the canvas.

VThe threads 'g2 replacing the threads g1 have 'beenpreviously eliminated at A, and Continue to work in the. `period comprised between-A and B, after. which they disappear from the carpet-between B? and H, where-:they are-again-called upon to form the design as far as I, aftenwhichthey disappear;

'Fliethre'adsggwhichwere inactive before B, 'enter into; the design `from-B. to C and then disappear-.as far'as K. where they again enter into the formation of the design.

The-threads@ eliminated from the Carpet` before C form the design between C and D, areeliminat'edbtweenDand F, work from F' to H, and

`lea-vel" thefCarp'et: after H;

' VFina-'lly,1the ythreads g5'enter-'into the vformation of thedesign between D and E and-.betweenl and (replacing. thethreadsl g4- at 13,-.y and replacing the threads gz at I, but they areeliminated before vliandtheh between iE-:and-PI and then-afterv K.

`These inactive portions of threads willall be eliminated.afterA weaving; byl simply cutting-.them

iandf-tl'ien'brushingthe'reverse side of the fabric,

thus avoiding any damage and disarrangement f of the-fface' side.

"'Figure shows the active sections ofA the diffrentpile threads' according to-the` diagram or *afi-rangement shown inl Figure 1;

lialf tuft, and at the same' timek has-liberated the 'threads'v of 'this Creel',` which no longer participate in 1 tlie--'dsign beyond? thel point A1.

Attle--sanie time as the vthreads-'of the Creelg1, Y i after "the v'weft pick-'- dz; thewJacquar-d has vbrought enter into the formation'of the; action of the J acquard,and will pile *wire v has Cut' the layer of threads offthi'screel-at the point A and has formed-this into action the threads of the Creel g2 which, after the passage of the pile wire vz have been liberated in the part before A and have formed the left hand portion of the tuft G2. They Continue to work and form the right hand half tuft of G2 and the left hand half tuft of G2 after the passage of the pile wire c3, and they again leave the carpet aft-er having formedi the right hand half tuf-t of Gr after the passage off thef pile wire v4 at the point B, and they are eliminated over the portion B to H.

The threads of the Creel gs succeed them beyond the weft de, The passage of the pile wire v4- liberates the whole of their part previous to B and` forrnsthe` left hand tuft of G3. After the passage of the pile wire v5 they form the right handy part off Gs aty C and are eliminated from C to' K.

f Thethreads of the Creel g4 form the half tufts and tufts G4, G4, G4 and are eliminated after they formation of theright'- hand half tilftv of G '4-.between Dfand The t-lrrea'dsI of the Creell p15-form the half tufts and tufts Gs-G-"s, G75- andare eliminated from point- E- to the point I1.

The threads o-fthe creel.- g1: succeed themfrom Eto F in the same mannensince they-threads of the Creel gr again appear betweenv E' and I-I, in orderqto--be replaced by those Iof'` .gzbet-ween I-I and I, and then by those of g3 after-Ketc.

Itgoes-wthout saying thata mode offworlcing such as that describedin the most general*v ease cf-:an arrangement employing five creelsfcan be applied in the same manner toarrangements employing. two, three or four creeis in simple weftand in doubleweft or multiple vweft-working. This-is. shown Figures-4, '5f and 6.;

The applicant has found that, in-certainamodes .of carrying the vmethod inte practica'.l the elimination of thefinoperative-parts:offthe-pile threads may become a delicate-operation, onacco-untuof the crossing which occurredfatrcertainpoints -.on the reverse` side betweenA the lpilewarp to be eliminatediandthe pile warpwhich lhas/to remain in the carpet.

Moreover, .the reverse side offthefcarpetis given an; irregular appearance,4 onvaCcount of the `dif-- ference in@ size-ofthe loops on the reversel side, since-thosebeneathwhich nofpile` thread has beeliminated. Y

fIihis---peculiaritm whiCh-r-is. designated! by. .the

name bubbling,gives-the carpet an appearance K,

which:y presents no disadvantage andL-is .even sought in` the case of certainoriental-carpets ofthezso-Called primitive kind,- butwhiCh-must on2theicontraryfbe avoided insthe Case ofcertain 4- other types-of oriental-Carpeta.

The foregoing will more.I easily beg-.understood drawings.- It willbe seenfroman examinationof this figure that, fort example, ,the eliminationof -t-,h'ev` portionof-.the thread gp. comprised between the..4 pile vwires -12-2 and- 'un canipresent Certainfdifiicultiesoni-account of the -vrfactathatfthe thread g1 whichhas Yleft the design, passesV beneath the weft-.d4 at the same time-.as theJthr-ead g2 which ofi-the threadtgz can occur beneath the" weft".y d4

(wh-ich' follows` 'the operation .of .the pile' .wire vz Corresponding-to the sirmiltalneousJ liftig of thef has just entered the-design,- so thatv these threads two pile warps 'g1 and g2) after the elimination of the inactive portion of the thread g1 comprised between the pile wires v2 and vu.

The same objectionable effects may occur beneath the wefts ds, dio, die etc. (which follow respectively the passage of the pile wires 114, v5, Us etc. corresponding to the simultaneous lifting of two warp pile threads). On the contrary, the diiiiculty of eliminating the inactive pile thread and the formation of a bubble cannot occur beneath the wefts d2, de, du, d20 etc.

The object of the method of Weaving shown in Figures 7 and 8 is to remove the above described objections and, with this object in view, it relates to a mode of operation which is characterized by the feature that the warp pile thread which has terminated its design is separated from that which has just commenced the design, after the passage of each of the pile wires corresponding to the simultaneous lifting of two warp pile threads.

From an examination of Figures 7 and 8 it will be seen that, according to this mode of working, after the passage of the pile wires v2, v4, 'U7 etc. which correspond to the simultaneous lifting of two pile warps (g1 and g2), (g2 and g3), (g3 and g4) etc., the warps which have completed their design are separated from those which have just commenced the design. This separation is effected after the passage of the pile wire v2, for example,

, by making the warps g1 pass over the weft d4 while the warps g2 pass below.

In this way therefore the two kinds of warps, those which have completed their design and those which have just commenced their design, are enf tirely prevented from crossing beneaththe wefts d4, d8, e114 etc. Consequently, any difficulty in eliminating the inactive portionsof the pile warps is avoided and at the same time any bubbling of the pile warp loops on the back face is avoided on account of the fact that the back points are always formed by a single thread.

It will also be clearly seen that there is no disadvantage in making the warps which are about to commence their design pass beneath the wefts d2, de, du etc. together with those which are about to complete their design. l

This new mode of working, while permitting the harness board or the bottom board to be dispensed with, necessitates the presence of a backing card for lifting the warps which have completed their design above the wefts d4, da, du etc. after the passage of the pile wires 112, v4, v7 etc.

It goes without saying that the various modes of binding or weaving the stufng or wadding threads do not vary in any way the principle of the invention.

Finally it is also clearly understood that, Without going outside the scope of the invention, modifications and improvements of details may be imagined in practice, while equivalent means may be employed.

I claim:

1. A method for the production of back patterned warp pile fabrics, which consists in weaving into the weft of the fabric that part of the pile warp threads required for the pattern of the fabric, floating beneath the body of the fabric that part of the pile warp threads excluded from the pattern, leading the pile warpthreads to reenter the fabric one or more times according to the requirements of the pattern, first over a pile wire (top shed) and then around the foundation weft shot between said pile wire and the next following pile wire, then leading said threads over the next following pile wire, returning said threads to iioat below the foundation fabric, and finally removing from the under side of the body of the fabric the floating part of the pile Warp threads.

2. A method according to claim 1 for the manufacture of a double weft carpet characterized by the feature that the pile warps required in the formation of the pattern are led one or more times in succession rst above a pile Wire then 110 below Aa backing weft of the fabric foundation, then over a face weft of the foundation, then below a backing weft and finally over the next following pile wire and back to the floating position below the fabric foundation.

3. A method according to claim l, characterized by the feature that when two pile warps pass over a pile wire simultaneously the pile warp entering the pattern continues the weave by passing below and round the corresponding backing weft of the 12u fabric foundation While the pile warp leaving the design passes over this weft to return to the floating position below the fabric foundation.

ROBERT LORTHIOIS. 

